Theory of Mind

Head of the Unit: Antonella Marchetti

Team: Davide Massaro, Annalisa Valle, Cinzia Di Dio, Federico Manzi, Elisabetta Lombardi, Giulia Peretti, Edoardo Bracaglia, Teresa Rinaldi, Alessia D’Arma, Laura Miraglia, Gisella Rossini, Giusi Figliano, Andrea Luna Tacci, Letizia Aquilino, and Federica Sacco.

Presentation and goals

The Research Unit on Theory of Mind (UniToM) is a research group founded in 2003 within the Department of Psychology of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Milan and currently directed by Antonella Marchetti, Full Professor of Developmental and Educational Psychology and Head of the Department of Psychology. Since its founding, the UniToM brings together researchers of the Department of Psychology interested in the study of social skills and their development, supporting the launch of new research lines in this field.

The main objective of the UniToM is to study the development of Theory of Mind, the ability to interpret behaviour as determined by mental states (underlying the social skills of individuals), in a lifespan perspective. This goal is pursued considering Theory of Mind skills in multiple settings, such as both typical and atypical developmental situations in different life contexts (e.g., family, educational, or clinical). In addition to basic research, the UniToM aims to develop intervention projects in educational and clinical situations, promoting the well-being of the individuals and their social relationships. For this reason, children, adolescents, adults, and elders are involved, such as their affective partners and caregivers.

Moreover, the UniToM aims to:

design educational paths and opportunities for scientific dissemination on the topic of Theory of Mind and social skills;
organize conferences, seminars, and workshops for students and professional, with national and international speakers;
participate in scientific events dealing with Theory of Mind and social skills.

Research areas

The study of Theory of Mind skills is linked to the study of other typical and atypical developmental issues in different life-contexts:

Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). This research area aims to understand the characteristics of human-robot interaction during the child development, and on the role of children’s Theory of Mind, decision-making skills, and trust in this interaction. Moreover, educational spin-offs in various clinical and educational settings are studied, such as the opportunities associated with interacting with robotic agents. This area also includes research using educational robotics tools and coding activities;
Decision-making and financial education. Economic decision-making as conceptualized by psycho-/neuro-economics studies will be explored to analyze the interplay of cognitive, emotional and mentalizing factors underlying decision-making and the links between decision-making skills and financial education;
Social skills in neurodegenerative diseases. Theory of Mind skills are being studied in people with neurodegenerative diseases to identify characteristic patterns of decline in such skills, from precursors to advanced skills, simultaneously assessed with cognitive impairment;
Mentalization, Trust, and Attachment bonds. Studies exploring these issues focus on the assessment of mentalization skills from a cognitive (Theory of Mind) and emotional (i.e. mentalized affectivity) point of view, linked to attachment and trust constructs. The main aim of this research area is to understand how the development of secure attachment and a stable bond of trust provides a fertile ground for the development of effective mentalization skills in family and school settings;
Psychological Language, understanding of figurative language and argumentation. Research in this area considers developmental subjects and their caregivers through the analysis of metacognitive vocabulary, the assessment of mental verb comprehension, and the analysis of children’s argumentation in various Theory of Mind tasks. In addition, irony understanding is studied to comprehend how the psychological mechanisms involved in this rhetorical figure are interwoven with those underlying the meta-representation ability;
Theory of Mind improvement. The work in this area aims to improve Theory of Mind skills in typically and atypically developing children, as well as in psychologically impaired adults and elders, through the construction and validation of training programs focused on different facets of the construct.

Contact person:

Antonella Marchetti, e-mail: antonella.marchetti@unicatt.it

e-mail UniToM: psicologia.teoriadellamente@unicatt.it

Training activities

The Research Unit on Theory of Mind conducts training activities in educational and professional contexts, making its expertise available to promote and support mentalistic knowledge and skills. The aim is to encourage a culture that is increasingly aware of the crucial importance of psychological well-being supported by effective social skills.

Third mission activities (from 2018)

The Research Unit on Theory of Mind spreads the results of its research and promotes their use in professional and educational contexts by participating in public cultural events, giving interviews, organizing events and publishing articles in generalist journals. Below are some of the most recent third mission activities carried out by UniToM:

Interview on Sky tg24 “Il robot Nao parla grazie a ChatGPT, ecco come interagisce con gli umani”, March 2023. https://tg24.sky.it/tecnologia/2023/03/31/chatgpt-robot-nao/amp

Article on Il Tempo “Alla Cattolica il robot Nao interagisce con l’uomo grazie a ChatGPT”, March 2023. https://www.iltempo.it/pillole/2023/03/30/video/alla-cattolica-il-robot-nao-interagisce-con-l-uomo-grazie-a-chatgpt-35367271/

Article on La Repubblica “Robot sociale interagisce con le persone grazie a ChatGPT”, March 2023. https://milano.repubblica.it/cronaca/2023/03/30/news/robot_sociale_interagisce_con_le_persone_grazie_a_chatgpt-394302842/amp/

Article on Libero Quotidiano “Alla Cattolica il robot Nao interagisce con l’uomo grazie a ChatGPT”, March 2023. https://www.liberoquotidiano.it/video/pillole/35367274/alla-cattolica-il-robot-nao-interagisce-con-l-uomo-grazie-a-chatgpt.html

Article on Il Fatto Quotidiano “ChatGpt ora ha un corpo, il robot Nao conversa con gli umani grazie al programma di intelligenza artificiale: ecco lo scambio di battute”, March 2023. https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2023/03/30/chatgpt-ora-ha-un-corpo-il-robot-nao-conversa-con-gli-umani-grazie-al-programma-di-intelligenza-artificiale-ecco-lo-scambio-di-battute/7115087/amp/

Article on Il Sole 24 ORE “Se ho paura aiutami tu. Ecco come cambia il ruolo sociale dei robot umanoidi”, March 2023. https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/covid-se-ho-paura-aiutami-tu-ecco-come-cambia-ruolo-sociale-robot-umanoidi-ADiZrvq?refresh_ce=1

Article on CattolicaNews “Robot sociali, superuomini al nostro servizio o pericolosi alieni?”, March 2023. https://www.cattolicanews.it/robot-sociali-superuomini-al-nostro-servizio-o-pericolosi-alien

Article on Il Corriere della sera “La voce di ChatGPT unita a Nao: ecco come parla e comunica il primo robot antropomorfo dotato di IA generativa”, March 2023. https://video.corriere.it/scienze/voce-chatgpt-unita-nao-ecco-come-parla-comunica-primo-robot-antropomorfo-dotato-ia-generativa/317a3586-cf0c-11ed-9ec0-a4141ee14cb8

Article on Ansa “Un corpo per ChatGPT, ecco il robot sociale”, March 2023. https://www.ansa.it/canale_scienza_tecnica/notizie/tecnologie/2023/03/30/un-corpo-per-chatgpt-ecco-il-robot-sociale-_746b2ea6-3a80-4aaf-8ba1-463c97f57487.html

Experiential seminar “ChatGPT nei robot. Ripensare la robotica sociale”, organised by UniToM, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 30 March 2023.

Webinar “Educare i figli all’uso del denaro”, Organizzato da Feduf in collaboration with FinecoBank, 16 March 2023.

International Workshop “Social Cognition:From Humans to Robots”The University of Manchester Department of Computer ScienceOrganizers: Angelo Cangelosi, Antonella Marchetti, Federico Manzi, 17 February 2023.

Article on mailchimp.com “Nuovi giochi autolesionistici spopolano su TikTok: le “cicatrici francesi” e quel vuoto che scuola e famiglia non riescono a colmare”, https://mailchi.mp/dda3a1dd6a10/n-36-febbraio-2023, February 2023.

Webinar “La comunicazione ironica dall’infanzia all’età adulta: il punto di vista della psicologia”, Organizzato da Franco Angeli, Milan, 24 January 2023

Article on CattolicaNews “Interazioni efficaci tra bambini e robot”, January 2023. https://secondotempo.cattolicanews.it/news-interazioni-efficaci-tra-bambini-e-robot

Talk “Tempo ed equità nelle decisioni economiche” al corso di formazione per docenti e insegnanti “Tutti per uno, economia per tutti scende in campo”, IC Viale Libertà, Vigevano, 23 January 2023.

Webinar cycle within the project “Economia e fantasia” promosso da Banca Widiba in collaboration with Feduf, June-October 2021.

“RAI3 – Elisir”, technological support to the interview on robotics for the Research Unit on Theory of Mind, Milan, 27 September 2022.

Psicologia robotica sociale, la human-robot interaction (Programma: Dottrina sociale della Chiesa), 8 September 2021. https://secondotempo.cattolicanews.it/podcasts-psicologia-robotica-sociale-la-human-robot-interaction.

“RAI1 - Uno Mattina”, technological support to the interview on robotics for the Humane Technology Lab, Milan, 11 June 2021.

“RAI Vaticana - Viaggio nella chiesa di Francesco”, technological support to the interview on robotics for the Humane Technology Lab., Milan, 4 June 2021.

“FocusLive – Festival della Scienza – Milano” stand and installation entitled “Crescere con i robot: il ruolo della psicologia dello sviluppo nella HRI” at the “Technology” Pavilion – “Leonardo Da Vinci” Museum of Science and Technology, Milan, 21-24 November 2019.

“MeetMeTonight – Faccia a Faccia con la Ricerca – Milano” stand and installation at the Indro Montanelli Gardens, Milan, 27-28 September 2019.

“FocusLive – Festival della Scienza – Milano” stand and installation entitled “Un robot può sbagliare?” at the “Technology” Pavilion – “Leonardo Da Vinci” Museum of Science and Technology, Milan, 08-11 November 2018.

Publications (from 2018)

Research papers

Valle, A., Cavalli, G., Miraglia, L., Bracaglia, E.A., Fonagy, P., Di Dio, C., Marchetti, A. (2023). The Risk-Taking and Self-Harm Inventory for Adolescents: Validation of the Italian Version (RTSHIA-I). Behav. Sci., 13, 321. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040321

Miraglia, L., Peretti, G., Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2023). Development and validation of the Attribution of Mental States Questionnaire (AMS-Q): A reference tool for assessing anthropomorphism. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2023.999921

Peretti, G., Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Cangelosi, A., Harris, P., Massaro, D., Marchetti, A. (2023). Can a robot lie? Young children’s understanding of intentionality beneath false statements. Infant And Child Development. 1-25. 10.1002/icd.2398.

Manzi, F., Ishikawa, M., Di Dio, C., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., Marchetti, A. (2022). Infants’ Prediction of Humanoid Ro-bot’s Goal-Directed Action. International Journal of Social Robotics. 10.1007/s12369-022-00941-7.

Valle, A., Rinaldi, T., Greco, A., Pianta, R., Castelli, I., & Marchetti, A. (2022). Mentalization and attachment in educational relationships at primary school. Ricerche di Psicologia, 45. https://doi.org/10.3280/rip2022oa13226

Lombardi, E., Valle, A., Bianco, F., Castelli, I., Massaro, D., Marchetti, A. (2022). Supporting mentalizing in primary school children: the effects of Thoughts in Mind Project for Children (TiM-C) on Metacognition, Emotion Regulation and Theory of Mind. Cognition And Emotion, 1-12, DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2067521

Cammeo, C., Prestera, G., Massaro, D., Marchetti, A., & Cavallini, F. (2022). Teaching clinical reasoning to psychology students: an exploratory study on the potential of a podcast training. Journal Of Clinical & Developmental Psychology, 1-15.

Valle, A., Baglio, G., Zanette, M., Massaro, D., Baglio, F., Marchetti, A., Blasi, V. (2021). A New Perspective on the Role of Self-Confidence and Confidence in the Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Children with Adverse Life Experience and Borderline Intellectual Functioning: A Preliminary Study. Frontiers in Psychology. 12. 720219. 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720219.

d’Arma, A., Valle, A., Di Tella, S., Massaro, D., Rovaris, M., Baglio, F., Marchetti, A. (2021). A theory of mind training for people with multiple sclerosis: Development of a scale to assess the treatment acceptability. Current Psychology. 10.1007/s12144-021-02457-1.

Isernia, S., Pirastru, A., Massaro, D., Rovaris, M., Marchetti, A., & Baglio, F. (2021). Resting-State Functional Brain Connectivity for Human Mentalizing: Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Theory of Mind in Multiple Sclerosis. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, nsab120. Advance Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab120

Marchetti, A., Massaro, D., Di Dio, C. (2021). Il robot è un animale sociale? La Human Robot interaction al confine tra «naturale» e «artificiale». Giornale Italiano Di Psicologia, 4, 865-882. doi:10.1421/104145.

Rinaldi, T., Castelli, I., Greco, A., Greenberg, D.M., Jurist, E., Valle, A., Marchetti, A. (2021). The Mentalized Affectivity Scale (MAS): Development and validation of the Italian version. Plos One, 16, 4, e0249272. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249272

Antonietti, A., Inghillieri, P., Marchetti, A. (2021). Premessa, Ricerche Di Psicologia, 44 (1), p. 5-5. doi: 10.3280/rip1-2021oa11226

Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Di Lernia, D., Rossignoli, D., Maggioni, M., Massa-ro, D., Marchetti, A., & Riva G. (2021). Can you activate me? From robots to human’ brain. Frontiers In Robotics And AI, 8:633514. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2021.633514

Liotti M, Spitoni GF, Lingiardi V, Marchetti A, Speranza AM, Valle A, et al. (2021) Mentalized affectivity in a nutshell: Validation of the Italian version of the Brief-Mentalized Affectivity Scale (B-MAS). Plos One 16(12): e0260678. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260678

Lombardi, E., Valle, A., Rinaldi, T., Massaro, D. & Marchetti, A. (2021). Learning to wait and be altruistic: testing a conversational training in eco-nomic education for primary school children. Europe’s Journal Of Psychology. http://dx.DOI.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4701

Valle, A., Baglio, G., Zanette, M., Massaro, D., Baglio, F., Marchetti, A., Blasi, V. (2021). A new perspective on the role of self-confidence and confidence in the evaluation and rehabilitation of children with adverse life experience and borderline intellectual functioning: a preliminary study, Frontiers In Psychology, 12:720219, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720219

Pino, M. C., Di Dio, C., Pacitti, F., Rossi, R., Vagnetti, R., Le Donne, I., Marchetti, A., & Mazza, M. (2021). Evaluation of Aesthetic Pleasure in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Using the Eye-Tracking Methodology. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. 17, 1, 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/aca0000387

Bianco, F., Lombardi, E., Lecce, S., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D., Valle, A., Castelli, I. (2021). Supporting Children’s Second-order Recursive Thinking and Advanced ToM Abilities: A Training Study. Journal of Cognition and Development, 1-24, doi: 10.1080/15248372.2021.1901712

Gaggioli, A., Chirico, A., Di Lernia, D., Maggioni, M., Malighetti, C., Manzi, F., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D. Rea, F., Rossignoli, D., Sandini, S., Villani, D., Wiederhold, B. K., Riva, G., & Sciutti, A. (2021). Machines Like Us and People like You: Towards Human-Robot Shared Experience. Cyberpsychology, Behaviour, and Social Networking, 24(5), 357-361.

Manzi, F., Sorgente, A., Massaro, D., Villani D., Di Lernia, D., Malighetti, C., Gaggioli, A., Rossignoli, D., Sandini, G., Sciutti, A., Rea, F., Maggioni, M., Marchetti, A., & Riva, G. (2021). Emerging adults’ expectations about next generation of robots: Exploring robotic needs through a latent profile analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(5), 315-323. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0161

Manzi, F., Massaro, D., Di Lernia, D., Maggioni, M., Riva G. & Marchetti, A. (2021). Robots are not all the same: Young adults’ expectations, attitudes and mental attribution to two humanoid social robots. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(5), 307-314.doi: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0162

Peretti, G., Villani, D., Marangi, M., Pellizzari, F., Di Bruno, S., Guida, I., Marchetti, A., Riva, G., Rivoltella P.C., Massaro, D. (2021). Il viaggio di Cubetto: una proposta di coding per sviluppare il Pensiero Computazionale nella Scuola dell’Infanzia. Pedagogika Dossier, Pedagogika XXV4.

Søraa, R.A, Manzi, F., Kharasa, M.W., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D., Riva, G., & Serrano, J.A. (2020). Othering and Deprioritizing Older Adults’ Lives: Ageist Discourses During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 16(4), 532–541. doi: 10.5964/ejop.v16i4.4127

Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2020). Moral evaluation of Human and Robot Interactions in Japanese Preschoolers. In: (Eds.): De Carolis B; Gena C; Lieto A; Rossi S; Sciutti A, Proceedings of the Workshop on Adapted interaction with Social Robots. p. 20-27, Cagliari: CEUR-WS.org, Cagliari, 17- 17 March 2020

Marchetti, A., Di Dio, C., Manzi, F., & Massaro, D. (2020). The psychoso-cial fuzziness of fear in the COVID-19 era and the role of robots. Frontiers in Psychology, 10:2245. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02245

Manzi, F., Peretti, G., Di Dio, C., Cangelosi, A., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2020). A robot is not worth another: Exploring children’s mental state attribution to different humanoid robots. Frontiers in Psychology, 10:2011. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02011

Marchetti, A., Di Dio, C., Manzi F., & Massaro D. (2020). Robotics in Clinical and Developmental Psychology. In Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00005-4

Manzi, F., Peretti, G., Di Dio, C., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2020). A robot is not worth another: children’s mental state attribution to different types of social robots. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02011

Lombardi, E., Valle, A., Rinaldi, T., Massaro, D. & Marchetti, A. (2021). Learning to wait and be altruistic: testing a conversational training in economic education for primary school children. Europe’s Journal of Psychology. 17(4), 306-318. http://dx.DOI.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4701

Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Di Lernia, D., Rossignoli, D., Maggioni, M., Massa-ro, D., Marchetti, A., & Riva G. (2021). Can you activate me? From robots to human’ brain. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 8:633514. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2021.633514

Manzi, F., Sorgente, A., Massaro, D., Villani D., Di Lernia, D., Malighetti, C., Gaggioli, A., Rossignoli, D., Sandini, G., Sciutti, A., Rea, F., Maggio-ni, M., Marchetti, A., & Riva, G. (2020). Emerging adults’ expectations about next generation of robots: Exploring robotic needs through a latent profile analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24(5), 315-323. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2020.0161

Manzi, F., Massaro, D., Di Lernia, D., Maggioni, M., Riva G. & Marchetti, A., (2020). Robot are not all the same: Young adults’ expectations, attitudes and mental attribution to two social robots. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networkin, 24(5), 307-314. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.0162

Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2020). Moral evaluation of Human and Robot Interactions in Japanese Preschoolers. In: (Eds.): De Carolis B.; Gena C.; Lieto A.; Rossi S.; Sciutti A., Proceedings of the Workshop on Adapted interaction with Social Robots. p. 20-27, Cagliari: CEUR-WS.org, Cagliari, 17- 17 March 2020

Marchetti, A., Di Dio, C., Manzi, F., & Massaro, D. (2020). The psycho-social fuzziness of fear in the COVID-19 era and the role of robots. Frontiers in Psychology, 10:2245. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02245

Marchetti, A., Di Dio, C., Manzi F., & Massaro D. (2022). Robotics in Clinical and Developmental Psychology. In Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology, 121–140. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00005-4

d’Arma, A., Isernia, S., Di Tella, S., Rovaris, M., Valle, A., Baglio, F., Marchetti, A. (2020). Social Cognition Training for Enhancing Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis, The Journal of Psychology, 1-34. doi: 10.1080/00223980.2020.1818671

Marchetti, A., Bracaglia, E. (2020). Il naufragar ci è dolce in questo mare? Navigazioni tecnologiche e distanza sociale nell’emergenza COVID-19. Nuova Secondaria, 20-22

Manzi, F., Ishikawa, M., Di Dio, C., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2020). The understanding of congruent and incongruent referential gaze in 17-month-old infants: an eye-tracking study comparing human and robot. Scientific Reports, 10, 11918.

Mazza, M., Pino, M.C., Vagnetti, R., Peretti, S., Valenti, M., Marchetti, A., Di Dio, C. (2020). Discrepancies between explicit and implicit evaluation of aesthetic perception ability in individuals with autism: a potential way to improve social functioning. Bmc Psychology, 8, 74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00437-x

Di Dio C., Manzi F., Peretti G., Cangelosi A., Harris P. L., Massaro D., & Marchetti A. (2020). Shall I trust you? From child-robot interaction to trusting relationships. Frontiers in Psychology, 11:469. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00469

Giovanelli C., Di Dio C., Lombardi E., Tagini A., Meins E., Marchetti A., & Carli L. (2020). Exploring the relation between maternal mind‐mindedness and children’s symbolic play: A longitudinal study from 6 to 18 months. Infancy, 0–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/infa.12317

Di Dio, C., Manzi, F., Peretti, G., Cangelosi, A., Harris, P.L., Massaro, D., Marchetti, A. (2020). Come i bambini pensano alla mente del robot: il ruolo dell’attaccamento e della Teoria della Mente nell’attribuzione di stati mentali ad un agente robotico [How children think about the robot’s mind. The role of attachment and Theory of Mind in the attribution of mental states to a robotic agent]. Sistemi Intelligenti, 1(20), 41-56, DOI: 10.1422/96279

Isernia S., Baglio F., D’Arma A., Groppo E., Marchetti A., & Massaro D. (2019). Social Mind and Long-Lasting Disease: Focus on Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Multiple Sclerosis. Frontiers In Psychology, 10, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00218

Marchetti A., Massaro D. (2019). Prospettive multiple e curiosità. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 46(4), 843–846. https://doi.org/10.1421/95560

Marchetti A., Miraglia L., Di Dio C. (2020). Toward a Socio-Material Approach to Cognitive Empathy in Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(N/A), 2965–2970. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02965

Rossetto F., Baglio F., Massaro D., Alberoni M., Nemni R., Marchetti A., & Castelli I. (2020). Social Cognition in Rehabilitation Context: Different Evolution of Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Behavioural Neurology, 2020(N/A), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5204927

Villani D., Florio E., Sorgente A., Castelli I., Riva G., Marchetti A., & Massaro D. (2019). Adolescents’ Beliefs About Peers’ Engagement in an Online Self-Harm Challenge: Exploring the Role of Individual Characteristics Through a Latent Class Analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 22(11), 684–691. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0002

Zerbini C., Luceri B., Marchetti A., & Di Dio C. (2019). Shaping consumption propensity through the emotional response evoked by nutritional labels: Evidence from an fMRI study. Food Research International, 125(N/A), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108547

Valle, A, Massaro, D., Cornetti, V., Castelli, I., Marchetti, A. (2019). Teacher-child emotional matching: the role of attachment representation, Ricerche di Psicologia, 4, 587-598. DOI: 10.3280/RIP2019-004002

Bianco, F., Lombardi, E., Massaro, D., Castelli, I., Valle, A., Marchetti, A., Lecce, S. (2019). Enhancing advanced ToM skills in primary school: A training study with 7- to 8- year olds, Infant And Child Development,1-16. doi: 10.1002/icd.2155.

Di Dio, C., Massaro, D., Savazzi, F., Gallese, V., Garau, T., Gilli, G., Marchetti, A. (2019). Beauty in Life: An eye-tracking study on young adults’ aesthetic evaluation and vitality judgment of pictorial representations of sleeping and dead subjects, Psych Journal, 1-14. DOI: 10.1002/pchj.285

Valle, A., Massaro, D., Rinaldi, T., Castelli, I., Lombardi, E., Bracaglia, E., Sangiuliano Intra, F., Marchetti, A. (2019). Attachment representation, mentalization, and cognitive emotion regulation strategies at school, Ricerche di Psicologia, 1, 83-102, DOI: 10.3280/RIP2019-001006

Marchetti, A., Baglio, F., Massaro, D., Griffanti, L., Rossetto, F., Sangiuliano Intra, F., … Castelli, I. (2019). Can Psychological Labels Influence the Decision-Making Process in an Unfair Condition? Behavioral and Neural Evidences Using the Ultimatum Game Task. Journal Of Neuroscience, Psychology, And Economics, 2, 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1037/npe0000105

Marchetti, A., Baglio, F., Castelli, I., Griffanti, L., Nemni, R., Rossetto, F., Valle, A., Zanette, M., Massaro, D. (2019). Social Decision Making in Adolescents and Young Adults: Evidence From the Ultimatum Game and Cognitive Biases, Psychological Reports, 122, 1, 135-154

Di Dio, C., Manzi, F., Itakura, I., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2019). It does not matter who are you: fairness in preschoolers interacting with human and robotic partners. International Journal Of Social Robotics, 1-15. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s12369-019-00528-9

Isernia, S., Baglio, F., D’Arma, A., Groppo, E., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D. (2019). Social Mind and Long-Lasting Disease: focus on affective and cognitive theory of mind, the relationship with cognitive functioning and quality of life. In Frontiers in Psychology Section Clinical And Health Psychology, 10, 218. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00218

Di Dio, C., Berchio, C., Massaro, D., Lombardi, E., Gilli, G., & Marchetti, A. (2018). Body Aesthetic Preference in Preschoolers and Attraction to Canons Violation: An Exploratory Study. Psychological Reports, 121(6), 1053–1071. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294117744560

Di Dio, C., Isernia, S., Ceolaro, C., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D. (2018). Growing up thinking of God’s beliefs: Theory of Mind and Ontological Knowledge, Sage Open, 1-14. doi: 10.1177/2158244018809874.

Marchetti, A., Manzi, F., Itakura, S., & Massaro, D. (2018). Theory of mind and humanoid robots from a lifespan perspective. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 226, 2, 98-109. doi: 10.1027/2151-2604/a000326.

Rossetto F., Castelli I., Baglio F., Massaro D., Alberoni M., Nemni R., Shamay-Tsoory S., and Marchetti A. (2018). Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Parkinson’s Disease: Pre-liminary Evidence from the Italian Version of the Yoni Task. Developmental Neuropsychology, 1-17. doi: 10.1080/87565641.2018.1529175.

Sangiuliano Intra F., Tagliabue S., Di Dio C., Marchetti A. and Massaro D. (2018). Psychometric properties of Mind-reading Belief Scale on an Italian sample and Correlation with the Self-Construal, Studia Psychologica, 60. 2. 94-107. DOI: 10.21909/sp.2018.02.755

Lombardi E., Greco S., Massaro, D., Schär, R., Manzi, F., Iannaccone A., Perret-Clermont A.N., Marchetti, A. (2018), Does a good argument make a good answer? Argumentative reconstruction of children’s justifications in a 2nd order false belief task. Learning, Culture And Social Interaction,18, 13-27. doi: 10.1016/j.lcsi.2018.02.001

Villani, D., Carissoli, C., Triberti, S., Marchetti, A., Gilli, G., & Riva, G. (2018). Videogames for Emotion Regulation: A Systematic Review. Games For Health Journal, 7, 2, 85-99. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2017.0108

Peretti, S., Tempesta, D., Socci, V., Pino, M.C., Mazza, M., Valenti, M., De Gennaro, L., Di Dio, C., Marchetti, A., Ferrara, M. (2018). The role of sleep in aesthetic perception and empathy: a mediation analysis. Journal of Sleep Research, 28(3):e12664. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12664

Castelli I., Massaro D., Marchetti A., Sanfey A.G. (2017). The more I can choose, the more I am disappointed: the “illusion of control” in children’s decision-making. The Open Psychology Journal, 10, 55-60.

Books

Riva, G., Marchetti, A. (Eds.) (2022). Humane robotics. A multidisciplinary approach towards the development of humane-centered technologies, Vita e Pensiero, Milano ISBN: 9788834346181

Castelli, I., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D. (Eds.) (2022). La competenza sociale nei bambini. Valutare e promuovere la Teoria della Mente in età prescolare e scolare, Edizioni Junior, Reggio Emilia, ISBN: 9788884349361

Marchetti, A., Massaro, D., Valle, A. (2022). L’ironia in psicologia: confini, modalità, scopi, Franco Angeli, Milano. ISBN: 9788835137610

Alnajjar, F., Bartneck, C., Baxter, P., Belpaeme, T., Cappuccio, M., Di Dio, C., ... & Reich-Stiebert, N. (2021). Robots in education: An introduction to high-tech social agents, intelligent tutors, and curricular tools. Routledge. ISBN: 9780367655396

Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Rivelli, M., & Valle, A. (Eds.) (2020). Educazione finanziaria: Io la insegno! Proposte e strumenti per educare i bambini alla cittadinanza economica responsabile e consapevole. Edizioni d’Este, Firenze. ISBN: 978-88-98726-86-8

Book chapters

Marchetti, A., Di Dio, C., Manzi, F., Massaro, D., (in press). Robot Sociali ed educazione. Interazioni, applicazioni e nuove frontiere. In Marchetti, A., Massaro, D. (Eds.), La psicologia dell’interazione uomo-robot. Raffaello Cortina Editore, Milano

Manzi, F., Peretti, G., Di Dio, C., Cangelosi, A., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro, D., & Marchetti, A. (2022). A robot is not worth another: Exploring children’s mental state attribution to different humanoid robots. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (Eds.), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Manzi, F., Sorgente, A., Massaro, D., Villani D., Di Lernia, D., Malighetti, C., Gaggioli, A., Rossignoli, D., Sandini, G., Sciutti, A., Rea, F., Maggioni, M., Marchetti, A., & Riva, G. (2022). Emerging adults’ expectations about next generation of robots: Exploring robotic needs through a latent profile analysis. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (2022), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Manzi, F., Di Dio, C., Di Lernia, D., Rossignoli, D., Maggioni, M., Massa-ro, D., Marchetti, A., & Riva G. (2022). Can you activate me? From robots to human’ brain. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (Eds.), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Manzi, F., Ishikawa, M., Di Dio, C., Itakura, S., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Massaro D., & Marchetti (2022). The understanding of congruent and in-congruent referential gaze in 17-month-old infants: An eye-tracking study comparing human and robot. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (Eds.), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Manzi, F., Massaro, D., Di Lernia, D., Maggioni, M., Riva G. & Marchetti, A., (2022). Robot are not all the same: Young adults’ expectations, attitudes and mental attribution to two social robots. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (Eds.), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Manzi, F., Gatti, M., Guadagna, P., Graffigna, G., Marchetti, A., Riva, G., & Poni, S., (2022). Human Perceptions of Robotic in Agriculture. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (Eds.), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Marchetti, A., Valle A., (2022). Sordità, processi di sviluppo e teoria della mente. In Gennari, M., Tamanza, G. (Eds.) (2022). L’inclusione scolastica dei bambini e ragazzi sordi. Il progetto della Fondazione “Pio Istituto Pavoni”, Erickson, Trento, pag. 39-50. ISBN: 9788859028918

Gaggioli, A., Chirico, A., Massaro, D., Villani D., Di Lernia, D., Malighetti, C., Rossignoli, D., Sandini, G., Sciutti, A., Rea, F., Maggioni, M., Marchetti, A., & Riva, G. (2022). Towards Human-Robot Shared Experience: The Role of Social and Interpersonal Dimensions in Shaping Human-Robot Collaboration. In Riva, G., & Marchetti, A., (Eds.), Humane Robotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards the Development of Humane-Centered Technologies. Vita e Pensiero, Milano. ISBN: 9788834346181.

Valle, A., Lombardi, E., Castelli, I., Marchetti, A., Massaro, D. (2022). Come promuovere la Teoria della Mente in età prescolare e scolare? Interventi educativi per la comprensione della falsa credenza e il pensiero ricorsivo. In Castelli, I., Massaro, D., Marchetti, I. (Eds.). La competenza sociale nei bambini. Valutare e promuovere la Teoria della Mente in età prescolare e scolare (243-266). Junior, Reggio Emilia.

Marchetti, A., Valle A., (2021). La mentalizzazione in ottica cross-culturale: riflessioni nel contesto scolastico. In Boerchi, D., Valtolina, G.G. Nella mia classe, il mondo. I processi educativi nella scuola multietnica, Edizioni Junior, Reggio Emilia, pag. 49-65. ISBN: 978-88-8434-896-8

Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Lombardi, E., Massaro, D., Valle, A. (2021). Learning to wait, be altruistic and fair: a training in economic education in primary school. In R. Viale, S. Mousavi, B. Alemanni, U. Filotto (Eds.), Behavioural Financial Regulation and Policy (BEFAIRLY), pag. 112-122, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK.

Valle, A., Rinaldi, T., Lombardi, E., Massaro, D., Marchetti, A. (2020). Lo sviluppo delle competenze sociali e l'educazione economica e finanziaria: spunti di riflessione per nuovi programmi di intervento. In Refrigeri, L., Rinaldi, E.E., Moiso, V. (Eds.) (2020). Scenari ed esperienze di educazione finanziaria. Risultati dell’indagine nazionale ONEEF e riflessioni multidisciplinari, Pensa Multimedia, Lecce, pag. 61-80. ISBN: 978-88-6760-742-6

Lombardi, E., Valle, A., Rinaldi, T., Marchetti, A. Training di educazione economica: le narrazioni come strumento di lavoro in classe. In Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Rivelli, M., & Valle, A. (Eds.) (2020). Educazione finanziaria: Io la insegno! Proposte e strumenti per educare i bambini alla cittadinanza economica responsabile e consapevole, pag 81-91, Edizioni d’Este, Firenze. ISBN 978-88-98726-86-8

Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Lombardi, E., Massaro, D., Valle, A. Educazione economica e finanziaria: proposte dalla psicologia dello sviluppo e dell’educazione. In Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Rivelli, M., & Valle, A. (Eds.) (2020). Educazione finanziaria: Io la insegno! Proposte e strumenti per educare i bambini alla cittadinanza economica responsabile e consapevole, pag 17-36, Edizioni d’Este, Firenze. ISBN 978-88-98726-86-8

Valle, A., Rinaldi, T., Marchetti, A. Interventi di educazione finanziaria: il punto di vista dei docenti. In Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Rivelli, M., & Val-le, A. (Eds.) (2020). Educazione finanziaria: Io la insegno! Proposte e strumenti per educare i bambini alla cittadinanza economica responsabile e consapevole, pag 37-48, Edizioni d’Este, Firenze. ISBN 978-88-98726-86-8

Castelli, I., Marchetti, A. Capirsi: la Teoria della Mente. In Caravita, S., Milani, L., Traficante, D. (2018). Psicologia dello sviluppo e dell’educazione, Il Mulino, Bologna, ISBN: 978-88-15-27868-5

Marchetti, A., Viganò, R., Zardin, D., Valle, A. (2018). Scuole di Dottora-to: crescita personale e professionale. In Colombo, G. (Eds.). La Cattolica, giovani e generazioni. Testimonianza di un percorso, p. 190-197, Educatt, Milano ISBN: 978-88-9335-368-7

Valle A., Massaro D., Castelli I., Sangiuliano Intra F., Lombardi E., Braca-glia E., Marchetti A. (2018). Experiences and results of the Resilience Programme for primary school teachers in Italy. In Lundgaard, P. Developing resilience in children and young people. A practical guide, p. 31-46, Routledge, UK. ISBN: 9781138236202